Optimizing Androgenic Embryo Regeneration and Chromosome Doubling of Haploid Plants for Sweet Pepper (Capsicum Annuum Var. Grossum L.)
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Abstract
The study evaluated the effect of various hormonal treatments on androgenic embryo regeneration and the efficacy of colchicine and trifluralin in for inducing chromosome doubling in four hybrid genotypes of sweet pepper: Asha (V1), Sympathy (V2), Namelite (V3), and Indra (V4). Results showed that the highest frequency of embryo regeneration was obtained with Metatopolin (0.5 mg/l) and IAA (0.1 mg/l) in genotype Indra (V4) (64.38), while the lowest response was observed using TDZ .5 mg/L in variety genotype Sympathy (V2) (6.67) (0.00%). FCM analysis revealed that 41.53% of the overall regenerated plants were doubled haploids, with the most responsive genotype, Sympathy (V2), having the most spontaneous duplication (57.78%). Furthermore, the study investigated the survival rate and chromosome doubling frequency in four different genotypes using colchicine and trifluralin. The results indicated that colchicine was more efficient in inducing diploidization compared to trifluralin. The combination of 0.50% colchicine for 10 days yielded the highest frequency of doubled haploids in all genotypes, with a maximum DH frequency of 61.80% in Indra (V4). It was found that prolonged treatment course and high colchicine concentration decreased survivability while simultaneously increasing the frequency of doubled haploids. Moreover, the combination of 0.0075% trifluralin for 10 days also resulted in good DH frequency, with a maximum rate of 34.80% in Asha (V1). Overall, this study provides important insights into the factors affecting androgenic embryo regeneration and chromosome doubling in capsicum, which could contribute to the development of improved breeding strategies in the future.
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References
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