Blood Type and Susceptibility of SARS-Cov 2 Infection
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Abstract
Introduction. It has been established by various authors that the frequency of distribution of ABO group antigens is directly related to the epidemic, infectious diseases such as plague, cholera, and measles. Epidemics and pandemics alter the genegeography characteristic of blood groups.
Material and methods. We study a total of 447 blood samples, 333 (age range 8-87 years) of which belonged to an infected and post-infected patient with SARS-Cov 2. A healthy control group of 114 individuals was also used for the study. The materials were taken from Kobuleti Central Hospital "Beaumonde" Clinical Laboratory (Adjara Region, Georgia republic, South Caucasus). The study also included volunteers who were infected with SARS-Cov 2 and recovered. Materials were collected in the 28/01/2021- 30/04/2021time interval.
All blood samples were processed on the basis of the Immunogenetics laboratory of the Biology Department of Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University (BSU) and Microbiology Laboratories of BAU Batumi International University (Georgia Republic). We used anti-A, anti-B, and anti-AB monoclonal antibodies for ABO blood typing.
Result. The ABO system blood group is unequally distributed in the control and Sarc-Cov2 infected patients groups. The unequal distribution mainly refers to the O (I) and A (II) groups. The A (II) group is found in the infected patient's group in almost 13.7% more cases than in the healthy control group. O (I) phenotypic group is 16.4% less present in patients compared to the healthy control group (The χ2 is 9.134. P-value - .027561). The results are significant at p <.05.
Conclusion. In the current study, compared with the ABO blood group distribution of healthy controls in the Adjara region (Georgia republic), the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection rate was higher in the A blood group. O (I) blood group show low susceptibility to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Our results are in agreement with other scientific studies. We think that the results of the study will make a certain contribution to the meta-analysis of this issue.
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References
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