An Investigation of the Presence of Heavy Metals in the Water and Sediment of the Kharun River Stretch Near Raipur, Chhattisgarh
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Abstract
My present study focused on the systematic analysis of Kharun river water and sediment. Samples were collected from the Kharun River in the monsoon, winter, and summer seasons for the duration of one hydrological year (2018–2019). This study deals with the assessment of the physicochemical properties of water and the concentration of heavy metals along with a sediment sample from the Kharun River. The average result of physicochemical analysis in the monsoon, winter, and summer seasons showed that pH (7.91, 7.73, and 7.61), conductivity (435.43, 690, 921.77), total dissolved solids (286.36, 451.75, and 599.15), turbidity (1.17, 3.38, and 4.93), DO (7.85, 8.49, and 6.80), BOD (29.20, 22.55, and 36.83), and COD (53.67, 40.17, and Heavy metal concentration analysis showed that in river water samples were Cu (0.2335, 0.2208, 0.2608 mg/L), Cr (0.7520,0.7989, 0.8108 mg/L), Zn (1.2366, 1.0384, 1.3028 mg/L), Pb (0.1715, 0.1925, 0.1914mg/L), Mn (0.0746, 0.0760, 0.0719 mg/l), As (0.3908, 0.4067, 0.3429 mg/L), Cd (0.2251, 0.2254, 0.2286 mg/L), Co (0.1744, 0.1755, 0.1781 mg/L), Ni (0.1658, 0.1642, 0.1719 mg/L), Sn (0.5894, 0.3472, 0.5943 mg/L) and Fe (0.0736, 0.0654, 0.0981 mg/L).Cu (38.75, 57.57, 66.91 mg/kg), Cr (97.86, 102.71, 140.02 mg/kg), Zn (170.04, 133.71, 177.02 mg/kg), Pb (31.51, 31.91, 38.7 mg/kg), Mn (268.19, 281.80, 52.56 mg/kg), As (17.74, 16.75, 21.73 mg/kg), Cd (0.66, 0. Heavy metals' presence in river water and sediment may exist due to the identical or comparable human and natural source input, which is impacted by the geochemical characteristics. This is shown by a positive Pearson's correlation coefficient. Using pollution indicators such as the contamination factor (CF), contamination degree (CD), pollution load index (PLI), enrichment factor (EF), and geo-accumulation index, researchers will examine the seasonal fluctuation and degree of contamination and pollution (I-geo). The study has indicated that almost all the parameters are at higher levels than the prescribed limit, like WHO, USEPA, and BIS. The water eminence of the Kharun River is reduced due to anthropogenic activity like domestic, agricultural, and industrial discharge and is unsuitable for domestic uses without treatment of this river.
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