A Case Report of Pancytopenia in Leptospirosis

Abstract

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic illness that can appear with a variety of symptoms in addition to the standard ones of renal insufficiency and jaundice. In this report, we present a case of fever with the decrease in all three cellular components of blood (I.e RBC, WBC, platelets), subconjunctival hemorrhage, and hepatosplenomegaly as the presenting clinical manifestation of leptospirosis, pancytopenia reversed completely with one week of intravenous third-generation cephalosporins. Pancytopenia secondary to leptospirosis has received relatively little attention in the literature, despite the fact that thrombocytopenia, along with renal and hepatic dysfunction, has been widely described. In summation, this clinical study implies that febrile pancytopenia's differential diagnosis should include Leptospira infection also.